A pinhole camera is a very simply constructed device for generating optical images. A pinhole camera does not work with an optical lens, but only with a dark cell that is equipped with a small, closable opening on the front wall.
On the opposite inside, an image is created that can be captured on light-sensitive material such as photo paper. The principle according to which a pinhole camera works is that luminous or illuminated objects are depicted by the pinhole mask blocking out almost all light rays. Only the smallest possible bundle of light rays between the object and the image is retained, with the diameter of the aperture determining the image sharpness.
Material list for a pinhole camera
If you want to build a simple pinhole camera yourself, you only need a few materials, namely
- Cardboard tubes that can be pushed into each other and should be as tight as possible. The pipes can also be built by yourself from solid cardboard. The camera becomes even more effective if the rollers are blackened on the inside.
- 1 sheet of black cardboard
- 1 sheet of parchment paper
- normal paper
- Glue, scissors, nail
Instructions for the pinhole camera
1st step: build the outer tube and the inner tube
A.) A round disc is cut out of the black cardboard that corresponds exactly to the diameter of the roll. This disc is then glued to normal paper. A hole is now cut out of the disc, which is slightly smaller than a third of the diameter of the roll. For example, with a roll with a diameter of 9cm, a circle with a diameter of about 2.5cm would be cut out. Then the paper is cut all around up to the circular disc and folded upwards. Finally the edge of the paper is coated with glue and the tube is placed on the disc. The disc can now be connected to the roll in a light-tight manner through the edge of the paper.
B.) The inner tube, which later has to be pushed as tightly as possible into the outer tube, is now also glued shut on one side. To do this, the roll is placed on the parchment paper and the diameter is transferred with a pencil. Then the parchment paper is cut out with an edge, the edge is cut in again and glued to the roll. When pushed together, the pinhole cameras look like this:
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| Pinhole camera construction drawing 1 |
2nd step: build the panel holder and the perforated panels
Now a holder for the aperture plates is made first. For this purpose, a semicircle is cut out of cardboard that corresponds to the size of the perforated disc and is provided with a recess in the area of the hole. This semicircle is now provided with a little glue on the edge and attached in front of the pane. The perforated panels are also cut out of the black cardboard. For this, too, circles are worked that correspond to the diameter of the disk. With the help of a nail, the perforated panels are each provided with a hole. In order to be able to photograph different objects, it is advisable to work a hole with a diameter of 1mm and a hole with a diameter of 4mm.
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| Pinhole camera construction drawing 2 |
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